Spacetime, Time Travel and Dilation, Relativity


What is Spacetime? How is it different from the normal time on earth? What is time dilation, and how can we use it to time travel to the future, and how can we achieve it? What does the general theory of relativity state?

 So.. earlier, it was all going good... The people then thought that time was flat, as it passes evenly through a place. But then the world came across a guy called Albert Einstein, who ruined it all. He said that the time was curved...
He said that time was relative. He called this the theory of relativity, which established a connection between space and time. He thought of an idea in which fabric permeates the whole universe...The Space Time.
Space time is curved, not flat, and it can be bent and twisted out of it's form by matter and energy, and that's where this picture comes in.


Notice the grid below the planet(or whatever that is). Well, that is time.The force of gravity and the matter of the planet bends the time around it.
GRAVITATIONAL TIME DILATION
As in the figure above, gravity interferes with time. It stretches or slows down the time. This is called gravitational time dilation. Here's what we can use for time travel.
We can somehow manage to build a spacecraft to go to some extremely massive planet(say, the black hole). Once we reach there, we have started time travelling. The time there runs slow, very much slower than it runs on the earth. So, let's say I spent few days near black hole. Assume that you are on earth that same time period. But, for you years would have passed away. When I return earth, I would be a lot younger than you as compared to the same when I was bidding you goodbye and getting into the space-ship(or rather, the black-hole ship). This is not experimentally proven yet, as nothing comes out of black hole or anything of such huge mass.

Below is a famous statement showing the effect of gravity on spacetime.
"Imagine the Earth as if it were immersed in honey," Gravity Probe B's principal investigator Francis Everitt, of Stanford University, said in a statement.
"As the planet rotates, the honey around it would swirl, and it's the same with space and time. GP-B confirmed two of the most profound predictions of Einstein's universe, having far-reaching implications across astrophysics research."
The 'honey' here is the spacetime. 
I'll now mention that the exact same prediction was made by Albert Einstein. Great he was, wasn't he?
Einstein indeed changed our point of view towards gravity. 
As a matter of fact, relativity is explains the source of gravity.
You can see the matter of the earth bending the spacetime blue and white in color. This pulls our moon towards the earth, proving gravity.
In case of Black Hole, the hole is deeper, and wider and hence more gravity. So, the theory of relativity and the spacetime explain gravity 

VELOCITY TIME DILATION
According to this, if I travel extremely fast, let's say somewhere near the speed of light, then I have time-traveled to the future, much the same way as in the previous paragraph. The things move slow when they are moving at the speed of light. This is done by nature to check that nothing goes faster than light, not even time. This has even been proved experimentally. The proof is below:
The scientists had sent an atom clock(a clock which measures super-accurate time, works on atomic principles) to the international space station( it travels at 5 miles per second, not even close to speed of light, but still quite fast), and meanwhile kept another atom clock back here on earth. When the space atom clock was brought down back to the earth, It had 'time traveled' by 0.1 seconds.
Hence Proved.
This is the reason the NASA-people say that the astronauts had aged less than us who stayed back on earth.
Yes, they indeed did time travel.
Now, you might be thinking WHY time slows down for objects travelling very fast.
The answer is 'the Theory of Relativity'

The Theory Of Relativity

Yeah, the theory for which Einstein got really famous.
In 1905, Albert Einstein determined that the laws of physics are the same for all non-accelerating observers, and that the speed of light in a vacuum was independent of the motion of all observers. This was the theory of special relativity. It introduced a new framework for all of physics and proposed new concepts of space and time. This means that nature slows down time for things moving at high speed.
Now think of it this way,
If you're travelling at a speed of 2 x 10^8 m/s, then the speed of light with respect to you should be just 10^8 m/s. But, the nature wants that the speed of light according to you should be 3 x 10^8 m/s.
Now how will nature do that?
Answer: By slowing down time for you.
A high speed moving watch runs slowly as compared to a relatively stationary watch.



Visit https://theuniversebeauty.blogspot.com/ for more such articles.
Please follow for more such articles.
Hope you found it informative and interesting. Please comment if you want something to be changed or added, or if you want me to write about some topic related to the universe.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Gravitation and General Relativity

Image
What is gravity, the term we're all used to? what do we know about it, and what remains unknown? How did Einstein make huge contributions to this field? What does Relativity talk about? Find out the answers to all these questions here, in this article. History of gravity This is where Kepler presented his first two laws. credits:  http://www.sothebys.com/ So there was this Danish nobleman and astronomer, named Tycho Brahe. He made a lot of pretty accurate observations (considering the epoch and the limited technology available during that time) regarding the positions of planets and their orbits. He had this student named Johannes Kepler, who would later become very famous by the laws named "Kepler's planetary laws". He presented three laws, concerning the speed and positions of planets in the solar system, based on Tycho Brahe's observations. Then came our lovely old friend - Sir Isaac Newton. Using Kepler's laws, observations, and of course his int
Read more

Wormholes

Image
What is the shortest distance from one point to the other? How can we travel extremely large distances through the universe(distances such as billions of light years)? Are wormholes possible?How can we travel through wormholes and how are they formed? If I draw 2 points with some separation, and then I ask you to tell me the shortest path between the two points, you might say it's a straight line connecting the two points. But, if I fold the same paper in such a way that the two points are touching each other, a much shorter path is created.... WHAT IS A WORMHOLE? A wormhole, also called the Einstein-Rosen Bridge, is the theoretical(imaginary) path between two very distant points in the universe, which passes through spacetime. (If you do not know what is spacetime, then go to:  https://theuniversebeauty.blogspot.com/ , and read my article on it). Wormholes are a result of the general theory of relativity. Ludwig Famm, an Austrian Physicist, mentioned th
Read more

The Supernova

Image
What comes to your mind when you think of the universe? probably a huge number of stars in a black background..probably the sun shining on some planets.. Just after supernova, this is seen. But the universe is a lot more than that. The universe is very, very and very energetic and active. There is a supernova happening right now even when you are reading this article, though millions and millions of light years away! Yes, I am now going to talk about this super energetic phenomenon - A Supernova. A Supernova looks something like this: So you surely do know about gravity, right? Gravity plays a huge role in a supernova. So these hydrogen, helium, etc. all types of molecules and gases are present in a star. The gravity of a star is intense, owing to it's huge mass. This gravity pulls these atoms and molecules close together at the nucleus of the star, and intense pressure is developed there at the center. This continues to build up over a long period of t
Read more

Dark Matter

Image
What is dark matter? What is Black matter? What is the dark matter theory all about? Is there anything out there in the universe which causes all these asteroid and volcanic attacks on earth? Is there another universe made out of something that we can never even feel? Get all these answers in this article about dark matter. This is what dark matter is presumed to look like: If you are a space fanatic like me, then you probably would know that the sun revolves around the center of the milky way galaxy, and has a pendulum-like up and down motion during it's path(this up and down pendulum like motion is represented by the green lines in the figure below.) Then, you will also know that disasters like huge volcanic eruptions and meteor attacks have led to the complete wipe-out of many species, one of them being dinosaurs. So, what's the pattern of all this? Is there any time interval between them? Is it going to happen to us humans also? Answer: I don't know
Read more

Dark Energy

Image
What is Dark energy? What is it made up of? What is it responsible for? What is it's source? Is dark energy real? Find out the answers to these questions in this article below. We all know about the big bang theory-the origin of the universe. You might also know that the universe is expanding. With expanding, I mean that the galaxies are moving further apart from each other. But, there is something confusing, something that baffles the scientists- The expansion is accelerating , which is peculiar, as the universe is devoid of air, and there is supposed to be no other force or energy in space. But still it happens. The universe is accelerating Which means there must be some force or energy out there. This, we named, the Dark Energy. Dark energy must be very powerful, as it has to overcome the gravitational forces that pull the galaxies together. More than 80% of the universe is made of dark energy. This means that the 'space' as we know is not made of nothing
Read more

Neutron Star

Image
What is a neutron star? What does it look like? What are the mind-blowing activities that happen near it and in it? How is it formed? In my last blog, I wrote about Supernova, the end product of which is a 'neutron star', and that's what I'm going to talk about now. So.. Which is the densest thing? answer: Osmium, density:  more than 100 grams in a teaspoonful. But that's only on earth. The universe is of another level.. The densest thing in the universe is the neutron star.                       That's what it looks like. What do we know about the regular matter on earth? - It is made up of atoms with electrons revolving around neutrons and protons. But it's completely different with a neutron star. The lines you see near the neutron star in the figure above are the strong magnetic field lines, enough to pull out the iron in the haemoglobin inside your blood. As I have discussed in my previous blog,namely,"the
Read more